Governance for Human Robot Societies

interface IUniversalIdentity {

    /// @notice Adds a rule to the robot's identity, showing that the robot agrees to follow the rule.
    /// @param rule The dynamic byte array representing the rule that the robot agrees to follow. Each rule is a textual string encoded into a dynamic byte array. For example: 'A robot must keep a 1m distance from humans.'
    /// @dev The rule SHOULD come from the rule sets defined in the IUniversalCharter contract that the robot intends to join. 
    /// @dev This function SHOULD be implemented by contracts to add the rules that the robot intends to follow.
    function addRule(bytes memory rule) external;

    /// @notice Removes a rule from the robot's identity.
    /// @param rule The dynamic byte array representing the rule that the robot no longer agrees to follow.
    /// @dev This function SHOULD be implemented by contracts to remove the rules that the robot does not intend to follow.
    function removeRule(bytes memory rule) external;

    /// @notice Checks if the robot complies with a specific rule.
    /// @param rule The rule to check.
    /// @return bool Returns true if the robot complies with the rule.
    /// @dev This function MUST be implemented by contracts for compliance verification.
    function checkCompliance(bytes memory rule) external view returns (bool);

    /// @dev Emitted when a rule is added to the robot's identity.
    event RuleAdded(bytes rule);

    /// @dev Emitted when a rule is removed from the robot's identity.
    event RuleRemoved(bytes rule);
    
    /// @dev Emitted when a charter is subscribed to.
    event SubscribedToCharter(address indexed charter);

    /// @dev Emitted when it is unsubscribed from a charter.
    event UnsubscribedFromCharter(address indexed charter);
}

interface IUniversalCharter {

    // Define the user types as an enum.
    enum UserType { Human, Robot }

    /// @notice Registers a user (human or robot) to join the system by agreeing to a rule set.
    /// @param userType The type of user.
    /// @param ruleSet The array of individual rules the user agrees to follow. 
    /// @dev This function MUST be implemented by contracts using this interface.
    /// @dev The implementing contract MUST ensure that the user complies with the specified rule set before registering them in the system by invoking `checkCompliance`.
    function registerUser(UserType userType, bytes[] memory ruleSet) external;

    /// @notice Allows a user (human or robot) to leave the system 
    /// @dev This function MUST be callable only by the user themselves (via `msg.sender`). 
    /// @dev The implementing contract MUST ensure that the user has complied with all necessary rules before they can successfully leave the system by invoking `checkCompliance`.
    function leaveSystem() external;

    /// @notice Checks if the user (human or robot) complies with the system’s rules.
    /// @param user Address of the user (human or robot).
    /// @param ruleSet The array of individual rules to verify. 
    /// @return bool Returns true if the user complies with the rule set.
    /// @dev This function SHOULD invoke the `checkCompliance` function of the user’s IUniversalIdentity contract to check for rules individually. 
    /// @dev This function MUST be implemented by contracts for compliance verification.
    function checkCompliance(address user, bytes[] memory ruleSet) external view returns (bool);

    /// @notice Updates the rule set.
    /// @param newRuleSet The array of new individual rules replacing the existing ones. 
    /// @dev This function SHOULD be restricted to authorized users (e.g., contract owner).
    function updateRuleSet(bytes[] memory newRuleSet) external;

    /// @notice Terminates the contract, preventing any further registrations or interactions.
    /// @dev This function SHOULD be restricted to authorized users (e.g., contract owner).
    /// @dev This function SHOULD be implemented by contracts.
    function terminateContract() external;

    /// @dev Emitted when a user joins the system by agreeing to a set of rules.
    event UserRegistered(address indexed user, UserType userType, bytes[] ruleSet);

    /// @dev Emitted when a user successfully leaves the system after fulfilling obligations.
    event UserLeft(address indexed user);

    /// @dev Emitted when a user’s compliance with a rule set is verified.
    event ComplianceChecked(address indexed user, bytes[] ruleSet);

    /// @dev Emitted when a rule set is updated.
    event RuleSetUpdated(bytes[] newRuleSet, address updatedBy);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC0-1.0
pragma solidity ^0.8.19;

import { OwnableUpgradeable } from "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/access/OwnableUpgradeable.sol";
import { UniversalCharter } from "./UniversalCharter.sol";

// Interfaces
import { IUniversalIdentity } from "./interface/IUniversalIdentity.sol";
import { IUniversalCharter } from "./interface/IUniversalCharter.sol";

/// @title UniversalIdentity
/// @notice The UniversalIdentity contract is used to manage the identity of robots.

contract UniversalIdentity is IUniversalIdentity, OwnableUpgradeable {
    /// @notice Version identifier for the current implementation of the contract.
    string public constant VERSION = "v0.0.1";

    /// @notice Mapping to store rules that the robot has agreed to follow
    mapping(bytes => bool) private robotRules;

    /// @notice Mapping to store the off-chain compliance status for each rule
    mapping(bytes => bool) private complianceStatus;

    /// @notice Track the charters the robot is subscribed to
    mapping(address => bool) private subscribedCharters;

    /// @notice Custom errors to save gas on reverts
    error RuleNotAgreed(bytes rule);
    error RuleNotCompliant(bytes rule);
    error RuleAlreadyAdded(bytes rule);

    /// @dev Event to emit when compliance is checked
    /// @param updater The address of the compliance updater (owner of the contract)
    /// @param rule The rule that was checked
    event ComplianceChecked(address indexed updater, bytes rule);

    /// @notice Modifier to check if a rule exists
    modifier ruleExists(bytes memory rule) {
        require(robotRules[rule], "Rule does not exist");
        _;
    }

    /// @notice Constructor to set the owner
    constructor() {
        initialize({ _owner: address(0xdEaD) });
    }

    /// @dev Initializer function
    function initialize(address _owner) public initializer {
        __Ownable_init();
        transferOwnership(_owner);
    }

    /// @notice Adds a rule to the robot's identity
    /// @param rule The dynamic byte array representing the rule that the robot agrees to follow.
    function addRule(bytes memory rule) external override onlyOwner {
        if (robotRules[rule]) {
            revert RuleAlreadyAdded(rule);
        }

        // Add rule to the mapping
        robotRules[rule] = true;

        emit RuleAdded(rule);
    }

    /// @notice Removes a rule from the robot's identity
    /// @param rule The dynamic byte array representing the rule that the robot no longer agrees to follow.
    function removeRule(bytes memory rule) external override onlyOwner ruleExists(rule) {
        robotRules[rule] = false;
        complianceStatus[rule] = false;

        emit RuleRemoved(rule);
    }

    /// @notice Subscribe and register to a specific UniversalCharter contract using its stored rule set
    /// @param charter The address of the UniversalCharter contract
    /// @param version The version of the rule set to fetch and register for
    function subscribeAndRegisterToCharter(address charter, uint256 version) external {
        require(!subscribedCharters[charter], "Already subscribed to this charter");
        subscribedCharters[charter] = true;

        // Fetch the rule set directly from the UniversalCharter contract using the public getter
        bytes[] memory ruleSet = UniversalCharter(charter).getRuleSet(version);

        // Register as a robot in the charter using the fetched rule set
        UniversalCharter(charter).registerUser(IUniversalCharter.UserType.Robot, ruleSet);

        emit SubscribedToCharter(charter);
    }

    /// @notice Leave the system for a specific UniversalCharter contract
    /// @param charter The address of the UniversalCharter contract to leave
    function leaveCharter(address charter) external {
        require(subscribedCharters[charter], "Not subscribed to this charter");

        // Call the leaveSystem function of the UniversalCharter contract
        UniversalCharter(charter).leaveSystem();

        // Unsubscribe from the charter after leaving
        subscribedCharters[charter] = false;
        emit UnsubscribedFromCharter(charter);
    }

    /// @notice Updates compliance status for a rule (called by the owner)
    /// @param rule The dynamic byte array representing the rule
    /// @param status The compliance status (true if compliant, false if not)
    function updateCompliance(bytes memory rule, bool status) external onlyOwner ruleExists(rule) {
        complianceStatus[rule] = status;

        emit ComplianceChecked(msg.sender, rule);
    }

    /// @notice Checks if the robot has agreed to follow a specific rule and if it is compliant
    /// @param rule The rule to check.
    /// @return bool Returns true if the robot has agreed to the rule and is compliant
    function checkCompliance(bytes memory rule) external view override returns (bool) {
        if (!robotRules[rule]) {
            revert RuleNotAgreed(rule);
        }

        return true;
    }

    /// @notice Gets the compliance status of a rule
    /// @param rule The rule to check.
    function getRule(bytes memory rule) external view returns (bool) {
        return robotRules[rule];
    }

    /// @notice Gets the subscription status of a charter
    /// @param charter The address of the charter to check.
    function getSubscribedCharters(address charter) external view returns (bool) {
        return subscribedCharters[charter];
    }

    /// @notice Gets the compliance status of a rule
    /// @param rule The rule to check.
    function getComplianceStatus(bytes memory rule) external view returns (bool) {
        return complianceStatus[rule];
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC0-1.0
pragma solidity 0.8.20;

import { OwnableUpgradeable } from "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/access/OwnableUpgradeable.sol";
import { SystemConfig } from "./SystemConfig.sol";

// Interfaces
import { IUniversalCharter } from "./interface/IUniversalCharter.sol";
import { IUniversalIdentity } from "./interface/IUniversalIdentity.sol";

/// @title UniversalCharter
/// @notice The UniversalCharter contract is used to manage the registration and compliance of users.

contract UniversalCharter is IUniversalCharter, OwnableUpgradeable {
    /// @notice Struct to store information about a registered user
    struct UserInfo {
        bool isRegistered;
        UserType userType;
        uint256 ruleSetVersion; // Rule set version the user is following
    }

    /// @notice Mapping to store registered users
    mapping(address => UserInfo) private users;

    /// @notice Mapping to store rule sets by version number
    mapping(uint256 => bytes[]) private ruleSets;

    /// @notice Mapping to track the rule set hash and its corresponding version
    mapping(bytes32 => uint256) private ruleSetVersions;

    /// @notice Version identifier for the current implementation of the contract.
    string public constant VERSION = "v0.0.1";

    /// @notice Variable to track the current version of the rule set
    uint256 private currentVersion;

    /// @notice Variable to store the address of the SystemConfig contract
    SystemConfig public systemConfig;

    /// @notice Error for when a method cannot be called when paused. This could be renamed
    /// to `Paused` in the future, but it collides with the `Paused` event.
    error CallPaused();

    /// @notice Reverts when paused.
    modifier whenNotPaused() {
        if (paused()) revert CallPaused();
        _;
    }

    /// @notice Constucts the UniversalCharter contract.
    constructor() {
        initialize({ _owner: address(0xdEaD), _systemConfig: address(0xdEaD) });
    }

    /// @dev Initializer function
    function initialize(address _owner, address _systemConfig) public initializer {
        __Ownable_init();
        transferOwnership(_owner);
        systemConfig = SystemConfig(_systemConfig);
    }

    /// @notice Registers a user (either human or robot) by agreeing to a rule set
    /// @param userType The type of user: Human or Robot
    /// @param ruleSet The array of individual rules the user agrees to follow
    function registerUser(UserType userType, bytes[] memory ruleSet) external override whenNotPaused {
        require(!users[msg.sender].isRegistered, "User already registered");

        // Hash the rule set to find the corresponding version
        bytes32 ruleSetHash = keccak256(abi.encode(ruleSet));
        uint256 version = ruleSetVersions[ruleSetHash];
        require(version > 0, "Invalid or unregistered rule set");

        // For robots, ensure compliance with each rule via the UniversalIdentity contract
        if (userType == UserType.Robot) {
            require(_checkRobotCompliance(msg.sender, version), "Robot not compliant with rule set");
        }

        // Register the user with the versioned rule set
        users[msg.sender] = UserInfo({ isRegistered: true, userType: userType, ruleSetVersion: version });

        emit UserRegistered(msg.sender, userType, ruleSet);
    }

    /// @notice Allows a user (human or robot) to leave the system after passing compliance checks
    function leaveSystem() external override whenNotPaused {
        require(users[msg.sender].isRegistered, "User not registered");

        UserInfo memory userInfo = users[msg.sender];

        // For robots, verify compliance with all rules in the rule set
        uint256 version = userInfo.ruleSetVersion;
        if (userInfo.userType == UserType.Robot) {
            require(_checkRobotCompliance(msg.sender, version), "Robot not compliant with rule set");
        }

        users[msg.sender] = UserInfo({ isRegistered: false, userType: UserType.Human, ruleSetVersion: 0 });

        emit UserLeft(msg.sender);
    }

    /// @notice Checks if a user complies with their registered rule set
    /// @param user The address of the user (human or robot)
    /// @param ruleSet The array of individual rules to verify
    /// @return bool Returns true if the user complies with the given rule set
    function checkCompliance(address user, bytes[] memory ruleSet) external view override returns (bool) {
        require(users[user].isRegistered, "User not registered");

        // Hash the provided rule set to find the corresponding version
        bytes32 ruleSetHash = keccak256(abi.encode(ruleSet));
        uint256 version = ruleSetVersions[ruleSetHash];
        require(version > 0, "Invalid or unregistered rule set");
        require(users[user].ruleSetVersion == version, "Rule set version mismatch");

        // For robots, check compliance with each rule in the UniversalIdentity contract
        if (users[user].userType == UserType.Robot) {
            return _checkRobotCompliance(user, version);
        }

        // If the user is human, compliance is assumed for now (can be extended)
        return true;
    }

    /// @notice Internal function to check compliance for robots with their rule set version
    /// @dev This function will revert if the robot is not compliant with any rule. Returns true for view purposes.
    /// @param robotAddress The address of the robot
    /// @param version The version of the rule set to verify compliance with
    /// @return bool Returns true if the robot is compliant with all the rules in the rule set
    function _checkRobotCompliance(address robotAddress, uint256 version) internal view returns (bool) {
        IUniversalIdentity robot = IUniversalIdentity(robotAddress);
        bytes[] memory rules = ruleSets[version];

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < rules.length; i++) {
            if (!robot.checkCompliance(rules[i])) {
                return false;
            }
        }

        return true;
    }

    /// @notice Updates or defines a new rule set version.
    /// @param newRuleSet The array of new individual rules.
    /// @dev This function SHOULD be restricted to authorized users (e.g., contract owner).
    function updateRuleSet(bytes[] memory newRuleSet) external whenNotPaused onlyOwner {
        require(newRuleSet.length > 0, "Cannot update to an empty rule set");

        // Hash the new rule set and ensure it's not already registered
        bytes32 ruleSetHash = keccak256(abi.encode(newRuleSet));
        require(ruleSetVersions[ruleSetHash] == 0, "Rule set already registered");

        // Increment the version and store the new rule set
        currentVersion += 1;
        ruleSets[currentVersion] = newRuleSet;
        ruleSetVersions[ruleSetHash] = currentVersion;

        emit RuleSetUpdated(newRuleSet, msg.sender);
    }

    /// @notice Getter for the latest version of the rule set.
    function getLatestRuleSetVersion() external view returns (uint256) {
        return currentVersion;
    }

    /// @notice Get the rule set for a specific version.
    /// @param version The version of the rule set to retrieve.
    function getRuleSet(uint256 version) external view returns (bytes[] memory) {
        return ruleSets[version];
    }

    /// @notice Get the version number for a specific rule set.
    /// @param ruleSet The hash of the rule set to retrieve the version for.
    function getRuleSetVersion(bytes32 ruleSet) external view returns (uint256) {
        return ruleSetVersions[ruleSet];
    }

    function getUserInfo(address user) external view returns (UserInfo memory) {
        return users[user];
    }

    /// @notice Getter for the current paused status.
    /// @return paused_ Whether or not the contract is paused.
    function paused() public view returns (bool paused_) {
        paused_ = systemConfig.paused();
    }
}